Study Finds Disparities in Preterm Infant Care
A new study in Northern California found persistent racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare use for moderate to late preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Despite overall care improvements, significant differences remain in NICU admission rates and resource utilization. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address systemic inequities in neonatal care.
- The study analyzed data from 22 hospitals and found that while overall mortality for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome decreased, Black and Hispanic infants were still less likely to be admitted to the NICU compared to white infants. - A study of extremely preterm infants in the U.S. between 2002 and 2016 found that while hospital mortality decreased for all racial and ethnic groups, rates of moderate-to-severe neurodevelopmental impairment increased. - Research indicates that Black mothers often perceive racism during their infant's NICU stay, which they believe impacts the quality of care their child receives. Interventions suggested by mothers include increasing the number of Black healthcare providers and improving staff education. - Midwifery care is associated with better birth outcomes, including lower rates of preterm birth and increased patient satisfaction. The midwifery model of care emphasizes a holistic, relationship-centered approach. - In Virginia, approximately 36% of counties are considered "maternity care deserts," lacking adequate access to obstetric services. Recent legislation, effective July 1, 2025, will allow certified nurse-midwives and other advanced practice nurses to be on call for nursery care to help address these shortages. - The American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) and other nursing organizations are advocating for health equity by promoting the diversification of the midwifery workforce and integrating content on social determinants of health into nursing education. - The "Midwives for MOMS Act" is a federal bill that proposes grant funding to establish or expand midwifery programs, with a focus on increasing the number of midwives from underrepresented groups to serve in areas with limited healthcare access. - The Virginia affiliate of the ACNM is focused on implementing new laws that expand midwifery practice and is advocating for a budget amendment to address barriers for midwives to contract with Virginia's Medicaid Managed Care Organizations.
